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| DATE | 2020-11-19 |
| FROM | George Moskowitz MD
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| SUBJECT | Subject: [Hangout - NYLXS] Fwd: A True Story of the invisible but dangerous
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From: George Moskowitz MD
Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2020 04:29:11 -0500
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To: Ruben Safir
Subject: [Hangout - NYLXS] Fwd: A True Story of the invisible but dangerous
power of THE US STATE DEPARTMENT (Mr. Dullas) and its corollary business
assistants on Wall Street and in the USA prior to and during WWII....the IG
FARBEN story...and the one unsung hero in the Story. Fascinating piece of
history . P.S. IG FARBEN was the industrial employer of the Auschwitz
concentration camp slaves! Humbly Tatty
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---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: George Moskowitz MD
Date: Thu, Nov 19, 2020, 4:26 AM
Subject: A True Story of the invisible but dangerous power of THE US STATE
DEPARTMENT (Mr. Dullas) and its corollary business assistants on Wall
Street and in the USA prior to and during WWII....the IG FARBEN story...and
the one unsung hero in the Story. Fascinating piece of history . P.S. IG
FARBEN was the industrial employer of the Auschwitz concentration camp
slaves! Humbly Tatty
To: Sarah Chaya M. AKHAVAN , ELI Akhavan Esq. <
kea52-at-aol.com>, Pinchas Paul Moskowitz , Reuven
Moskowitz , Yehudis 13 mobile Moskowitz =
,
Mamman CB Moskowitz
THINK-ISRAEL
- Home Page
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THE SCOTSMAN WHO HUNTED HITLER'S AGENTS IN THE USAby Adam Lebor
*The spying Scotsman who hunted the Nazis of New York. The amazing story of
Britain's clandestine war on Hitler's agents and his big-money backers in
the US*
[image: donald maclaren]
*Uncovered documents show how British agents, headed by Highland clan chief
Donald MacLaren, took on Nazi sympathisers in the US*
In the summer of 1940, as British pilots fought desperately for the skies
of southern England, the battle was joined on a very different front,
thousands of miles from the coast of Kent.
It was fought through the political salons of Washington DC, the boardrooms
and the smoky nightclubs of New York.
The protagonists had no uniform save that of a well-tailored suit; their
weapons were native cunning, a plausible manner, and, from time to time, a
concealed revolver.
This was the secret battle for America, ordered by Winston Churchill
himself, and the fate of the free world hung upon it.
Today, we can reveal the untold story of how British agents went to war on
Wall Street, a story pieced together from a remarkable collection of secret
intelligence reports lying untouched for decades.
Uncovered by the MoS, the documents show how British agents took on Nazi
sympathisers in the US with a masterful campaign of dirty tricks and
disinformation, how they outmanoeuvred Hitler's network of American allies
and how they, ultimately, destroyed the Third Reich's powerful business and
intelligence empire across the water.
Today, amid talk of special relationships and historic links, few remember
that a sizeable part of American opinion was pro-German, even as Europe
burned =E2=80=94 or that many well-placed Americans were virulently anti-Br=
itish.
There was a strongly held belief, particularly in corporate and financial
life, that the Nazis were the best bulwark against the advance of Communism=
.
In fact, America and its vast industrial output were vital for the Nazi war
effort. German companies ran extensive US subsidiaries and supplied the
Third Reich with pharmaceuticals, chemicals and the latest technology,
directly or through South American subsidiaries.
The Third Reich needed information, too. Long before the outbreak of war,
German firms had placed networks of deep-penetration agents across the
American business world.
There was open sympathy for the German cause and it extended to the very
top of American society.
Sullivan & Cromwell, a powerful New York law firm, brokered numerous deals
between American business and the German companies that helped bring Hitler
to power.
The partners included John Foster Dulles, who later became Secretary of
State, and his brother, Allen Dulles, America's wartime spymaster, who
became the first head of the CIA.
Standard Oil, founded by the Rockefellers, was entwined with IG Farben,
Nazi Germany's most powerful conglomerate. Brown Brothers Harriman, the
oldest private bank in the United States, was connected to Fritz Thyssen,
the German steel magnate who had financed Hitler.
Thyssen ran his American business through the Union Banking Corporation,
based in New York. Its directors included Prescott Bush, father of
President George Bush and grandfather of President George W. Bush.
Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company, was the author of the
anti-Semitic pamphlet, The International Jew. He received a medal from Nazi
Germany in 1938. Hitler kept a portrait of him in his office.
[image: hitler and industrialists]*Vital support: Adolf Hitler in 1932 with
German industry barons, including steel magnate Fritz Thyssen, right*
All this, declared Winston Churchill, had to stop. The man charged with
tackling the Germans' formidable operation was Donald MacLaren, a Highland
clan chief. Charming, persuasive and physically imposing, MacLaren was a
skilled operative who established a network of 150 agents across the
Americas in the early years of the War on behalf of British Security
Coordination (BSC), the British intelligence organisation in the US.
Working closely with George Merten, a German anti-Nazi, his mission was to
report on Nazi-American business links.
By training, MacLaren was an accountant, a vital skill for industrial
counter-espionage. But he was no grey man. A snappy dresser with a taste
for good food, wine and cigars, MacLaren relished his time in Manhattan and
entertained his contacts at 21, an upmarket restaurant a few blocks from
the British intelligence HQ at the Rockefeller Centre.
Their enemy was IG Farben, the friend of Standard Oil. Born out of a merger
between Bayer, BASF, Hoechst and Agfa, IG Farben was the largest and most
powerful company in Europe and the biggest chemical conglomerate in the
world, producing the basic components of a modern industrial state:
explosives, film, plastics, fuel, rayon, paint, pesticides and much more.
Including poisonous gases.
Without IG Farben, Nazi Germany could not wage war. Hermann Schmitz, its
CEO, was one of Hitler's earliest backers. IG Farben designed, built and
ran the company's concentration camp at Auschwitz, known as Auschwitz III,
making Buna, or artificial rubber. Its managers oversaw tens of thousands
of slave labourers in conditions of extreme brutality, forced to work until
they died or were despatched to the gas chambers to be killed with Zyklon B
=E2=80=94 a patent owned by IG Farben.
Hermann Schmitz was also a director of the mysterious Bank For
International Settlements, based in Basel. The BIS, which still exists, was
a key point in the secret channels between the United States and the Nazis.
Naturally, IG Farben went by a different name in America, operating as a
company known as General Aniline and Film, or GAF.
[image: 1942 pamphlet]
*Revealed: Donald MacLaren's 1942 pamphlet*
And helped by its association with Standard Oil, GAF extended its tentacles
into the heart of the business, legal and political establishment, sending
diplomatic and industrial secrets =E2=80=94 plus huge profits =E2=80=94 bac=
k to Berlin.
MacLaren, then, was facing formidable opposition, and not just from Nazi
agents. The mandarins of the State Department were obsessed with
maintaining America's neutrality and they instructed J. Edgar Hoover, the
head of the FBI, to refrain from any collaboration with Britain.
The powerful Irish and Catholic lobbies were violently anti-British, none
more than Joseph Kennedy, US ambassador to London. A pro-Nazi lobby, the
German-American Bund, boasted celebrity supporters, such as the aviator
Charles Lindbergh. At its peak, the America First Committee, the most
formidable isolationist lobbying organisation, had several hundred thousand
members, including future President Gerald Ford.
MacLaren decided to use the same tactics as the Germans. He, too, became a
fake businessman and, using an alias, claimed he wanted to establish a
relationship with GAF.
His first attack was the work of a classic *agent provocateur*. The GAF
directors, he discovered, were split into two factions over how they would
protect their interests should America enter the war. MacLaren, who by now
was close to a number of GAF board members, began leaking and fabricating
information to set one faction against another.
This, he later said, resulted in one group racing the other to Washington
to report the wicked activities of their colleagues to the Department of
Justice. Each faction denounced the other as working for the Nazis; each
was exposed.
MacLaren's masterstroke, though, was a publicity blitz against IG Farben
that finally forced the US authorities to take action.
It was in spring 1942, that BSC launched a 70-page pamphlet called *Sequel
To The Apocalypse*, a taut distillation of MacLaren and Merten's
investigation of IG Farben's American networks. Booktab, a BSC front
company, published 200,000 copies, on sale at 25 cents, the striking cover
featuring the four horsemen of the Apocalypse, one holding a torch aloft,
whose smoke spelled out 'IG Farben'.
The contents were explosive. They revealed, for example, the role of IG
Farben in promoting the war, and the huge profits it was making from the
destruction. It also detailed the company's web of links with American
household names, especially Standard Oil. With a foreword written by Rex
Stout, a popular mystery novelist, it sold out immediately. Stout
proclaimed that IG Farben's American business partners were traitors,
working for Nazi Germany's interests.
For GAF and Standard Oil, the pamphlet was a public relations catastrophe.
They immediately despatched teams of employees to buy up copies. But it was
too late. The US authorities felt obliged to act; IG Farben's business
empire in America was closed down and its subsidiaries placed on a
blacklist. The US government also seized 2,500 patents from Standard Oil,
on the grounds that they were owned by IG Farben.
This was a massive setback for Nazi Germany, as it could no longer use its
American network to supply vital war materials.
Its US allies were named and shamed, causing a wave of revulsion =E2=80=94
especially as, by now, the United States was at war with Germany.
In many ways, Donald MacLaren seemed an unlikely spy =E2=80=94 and it is th=
anks
only to a cache of yellowing intelligence papers that some part of this
story has been retrieved. The BSC archives were deliberately destroyed
after the war because they were judged too sensitive for the public gaze.
But MacLaren was as stubborn as he was brave. He kept his papers.
Paradoxically, it was his upbringing as a son of the manse that aided his
work as a spy. The teenage Donald helped out on his father's parish rounds,
sometimes even ministering to the dying. Warm and convivial, he had an
unrivalled ability to get people to share their deepest confidences.
By 1938, MacLaren had moved to New York. His skills at forensic accounting
made him a natural recruit for BSC. New York in 1940 was a magnet for
Allied and Axis intelligence agencies. Its immigrant populations provided
natural cover for spies. It was dangerous work. He once told his son,
Donald, he had killed an enemy agent and interrogated many more, but would
not reveal where or when. 'But fortunately, I never had to torture anybody.=
'
MacLaren himself was keen to fight and obtained a commission with the
Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders but British intelligence refused to let him
leave.
As the War ended, MacLaren went to Germany to build a legal case against IG
Farben executives. He submitted a series of lengthy memos on the company
and its leaders who, said MacLaren, embodied the dark nexus of German
industry and the Nazi war machine. MacLaren argued, with remarkable
foresight, that the way the Allies dealt with IG Farben would determine the
economic balance of power in post-War Europe.
'We are dealing here ... with denazification and demilitarisation of the
heart and soul of the German war machine,' he wrote.
In 1947, 24 senior IG Farben officials were tried for war crimes. Thirteen
were found guilty. Their sentences were derisory. Hermann Schmitz received
four years for 'plunder'.
All IG Farben executives were released by 1951 on the orders of John
McCloy, US High Commissioner for Germany.
Schmitz and his colleagues were warmly welcomed back to the German business
world. The Cold War meant revitalising German industry was more important
than punishing those complicit in mass murder.
IG Farben no longer legally exists. It was broken up into its constituent
companies. But they are more powerful than ever. BASF is now the world's
largest chemicals company, with annual sales of almost =E2=82=AC80 billion.=
Bayer
is the world's biggest producer of aspirin.
Donald MacLaren eventually moved to London, where he worked for the United
Baltic Shipping Corporation, becoming a director.
In 1950, he stood as the unsuccessful Labour candidate in the Conservative
seat of Kinross and West Perthshire.
He died in June 1966, aged 56, having never spoken publicly about his
wartime role, the risks he took and the remarkable service he performed for
his country.
------------------------------
*Adam Lebor is an investigative journalist. His 'Tower Of Basel: The
Shadowy History Of The Secret Bank That Rules The World', a history of the
Bank For International Settlements, was published by PublicAffairs. This
article appeared December 28, 2014 in the Daily Mail (UK) and is archived
athttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2530447/The-spying-Scotsman-hunte=
d-Nazis-
-Nazis->
New-York-The-amazing-story-Britains-clandestine-war-Hitlers-agents-big-mone=
y-backers-US.htmlIn
a side clip, the article says this about the Sunday reader whofound the
story:*
*In May 2009, I wrote an article for The Mail on Sunday about a US
intelligence document that I had obtained, known as the Red House Report =
=E2=80=94
an account of a meeting of Nazi industrialists at the Maison Rouge Hotel in
Strasbourg in 1944. They had gathered to plan the Fourth Reich and their
domination of Europe through an economic, rather than military,
imperium.Helen Scholfield, a MoS reader, contacted me. Among her late
husband's papers, she had found several marked 'Secret' about British
intelligence and IG Farben: the account of Donald MacLaren's
operation.Journalist Bob Scholfield died in 2000 but without his diligent
research, the story of how MacLaren destroyed the Nazi's US economic empire
might have lain buried for ever, one of a myriad of wartime secrets yet to
be told.Thanks are due Aryeh Zelasko for sending this article to
Think-Israel.*
*[image: Return] _________________________End of
Story___________________________ [image: Return]
*
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ck;width:auto" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noreferrer">Archives <= /div> gin:0px 48.1905px;padding-left:19.2738px;padding-right:19.2738px;font-size:= 16px;text-align:justify;font-family:"times new roman",times,serif= ;letter-spacing:0.96px" dir=3D"auto"> nt-size:1.6em;font-weight:bolder;letter-spacing:0.09em;text-align:center;li=
ne-height:65.0136px">THE SCOTSMAN WHO HUNTED HITLER'S AGENTS IN THE USA=
text-align:center;line-height:60.5336px">by Adam Lebor-height:22.4px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px=
">The spying Scotsman who hunted the Nazis of New York. The amazing s=
tory of Britain's clandestine war on Hitler's agents and his big-mo=
ney backers in the US em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px"> ![](3D"=<BR) http://www.think-israel.org/jan14pix/donald.maclaren.jpg" border=3D"1" widt=
h=3D"50%" alt=3D"donald maclaren" style=3D"float:left;margin:1em"><=
i>
Uncovered documents show how British agents, headed by Highland c=
lan chief Donald MacLaren, took on Nazi sympathisers in the US=
x;padding-right:16.5774px"> 1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In the summer of 1940, =
as British pilots fought desperately for the skies of southern England, the=
battle was joined on a very different front, thousands of miles from the c=
oast of Kent. ft:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">It was fought through the political s=
alons of Washington DC, the boardrooms and the smoky nightclubs of New York=
. ;padding-right:16.5774px">The protagonists had no uniform save that of a we=
ll-tailored suit; their weapons were native cunning, a plausible manner, an=
d, from time to time, a concealed revolver. 936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">This wa=
s the secret battle for America, ordered by Winston Churchill himself, and =
the fate of the free world hung upon it. px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Today, we =
can reveal the untold story of how British agents went to war on Wall Stree=
t, a story pieced together from a remarkable collection of secret intellige=
nce reports lying untouched for decades. px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Uncovered =
by the MoS, the documents show how British agents took on Nazi sympathisers=
in the US with a masterful campaign of dirty tricks and disinformation, ho=
w they outmanoeuvred Hitler's network of American allies and how they, =
ultimately, destroyed the Third Reich's powerful business and intellige=
nce empire across the water. :1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Today, amid talk of sp=
ecial relationships and historic links, few remember that a sizeable part o=
f American opinion was pro-German, even as Europe burned =E2=80=94 or that =
many well-placed Americans were virulently anti-British. e-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.57=
74px">There was a strongly held belief, particularly in corporate and finan=
cial life, that the Nazis were the best bulwark against the advance of Comm=
unism. 774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In fact, America and its vast industrial out=
put were vital for the Nazi war effort. German companies ran extensive US s=
ubsidiaries and supplied the Third Reich with pharmaceuticals, chemicals an=
d the latest technology, directly or through South American subsidiaries.p> dding-right:16.5774px">The Third Reich needed information, too. Long before=
the outbreak of war, German firms had placed networks of deep-penetration =
agents across the American business world. 36px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">There wa=
s open sympathy for the German cause and it extended to the very top of Ame=
rican society. eft:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Sullivan & Cromwell, a powerful =
New York law firm, brokered numerous deals between American business and th=
e German companies that helped bring Hitler to power. eight:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774p=
x">The partners included John Foster Dulles, who later became Secretary of =
State, and his brother, Allen Dulles, America's wartime spymaster, who =
became the first head of the CIA. -size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Standard Oil, fou=
nded by the Rockefellers, was entwined with IG Farben, Nazi Germany's m=
ost powerful conglomerate. Brown Brothers Harriman, the oldest private bank=
in the United States, was connected to Fritz Thyssen, the German steel mag=
nate who had financed Hitler. e:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Thyssen ran his Ameri=
can business through the Union Banking Corporation, based in New York. Its =
directors included Prescott Bush, father of President George Bush and grand=
father of President George W. Bush. nt-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Henry Ford, fou=
nder of the Ford Motor Company, was the author of the anti-Semitic pamphlet=
, The International Jew. He received a medal from Nazi Germany in 1938. Hit=
ler kept a portrait of him in his office. ;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px"> =
![](3D"http://www.think-israel.org/jan14pix/hitler.and.industrialists.=<BR) jpg" border=3D"1" width=3D"90%" alt=3D"hitler and industrialists" style=3D"=
margin:1em">Vital support: Adolf Hitler in 1932 with German indu=
stry barons, including steel magnate Fritz Thyssen, rightter>ding-right:16.5774px"> adding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">All this, declared Winston C=
hurchill, had to stop. The man charged with tackling the Germans' formi=
dable operation was Donald MacLaren, a Highland clan chief. Charming, persu=
asive and physically imposing, MacLaren was a skilled operative who establi=
shed a network of 150 agents across the Americas in the early years of the =
War on behalf of British Security Coordination (BSC), the British intellige=
nce organisation in the US. Working closely with George Merten, a German an=
ti-Nazi, his mission was to report on Nazi-American business links. tyle=3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-=
right:16.5774px">By training, MacLaren was an accountant, a vital skill for=
industrial counter-espionage. But he was no grey man. A snappy dresser wit=
h a taste for good food, wine and cigars, MacLaren relished his time in Man=
hattan and entertained his contacts at 21, an upmarket restaurant a few blo=
cks from the British intelligence HQ at the Rockefeller Centre. =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">Their enemy was IG Farben, the friend of Standard Oil. Born ou=
t of a merger between Bayer, BASF, Hoechst and Agfa, IG Farben was the larg=
est and most powerful company in Europe and the biggest chemical conglomera=
te in the world, producing the basic components of a modern industrial stat=
e: explosives, film, plastics, fuel, rayon, paint, pesticides and much more=
. Including poisonous gases. :1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Without IG Farben, Naz=
i Germany could not wage war. Hermann Schmitz, its CEO, was one of Hitler&#=
39;s earliest backers. IG Farben designed, built and ran the company's =
concentration camp at Auschwitz, known as Auschwitz III, making Buna, or ar=
tificial rubber. Its managers oversaw tens of thousands of slave labourers =
in conditions of extreme brutality, forced to work until they died or were =
despatched to the gas chambers to be killed with Zyklon B =E2=80=94 a paten=
t owned by IG Farben. dding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Hermann Schmitz was also a di=
rector of the mysterious Bank For International Settlements, based in Basel=
. The BIS, which still exists, was a key point in the secret channels betwe=
en the United States and the Nazis. nt-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Naturally, IG F=
arben went by a different name in America, operating as a company known as =
General Aniline and Film, or GAF. ze:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">  =3D"http://www.think-israel.org/jan14pix/1942.pamphlet.jpg" border=3D"1" wi=
dth=3D"50%" alt=3D"1942 pamphlet" style=3D"float:right;margin:1em">=
Revealed: Donald MacLaren's 1942 pamphleter>ing-right:16.5774px"> dding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">And helped by its association=
with Standard Oil, GAF extended its tentacles into the heart of the busine=
ss, legal and political establishment, sending diplomatic and industrial se=
crets =E2=80=94 plus huge profits =E2=80=94 back to Berlin. MacLaren, then,=
was facing formidable opposition, and not just from Nazi agents. The manda=
rins of the State Department were obsessed with maintaining America's n=
eutrality and they instructed J. Edgar Hoover, the head of the FBI, to refr=
ain from any collaboration with Britain. px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">The powerf=
ul Irish and Catholic lobbies were violently anti-British, none more than J=
oseph Kennedy, US ambassador to London. A pro-Nazi lobby, the German-Americ=
an Bund, boasted celebrity supporters, such as the aviator Charles Lindberg=
h. At its peak, the America First Committee, the most formidable isolationi=
st lobbying organisation, had several hundred thousand members, including f=
uture President Gerald Ford. :1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">MacLaren decided to us=
e the same tactics as the Germans. He, too, became a fake businessman and, =
using an alias, claimed he wanted to establish a relationship with GAF. =
ing-right:16.5774px">His first attack was the work of a classic=C2=A0age=
nt provocateur. The GAF directors, he discovered, were split into two f=
actions over how they would protect their interests should America enter th=
e war. MacLaren, who by now was close to a number of GAF board members, beg=
an leaking and fabricating information to set one faction against another.<=
/p> adding-right:16.5774px">This, he later said, resulted in one group racing t=
he other to Washington to report the wicked activities of their colleagues =
to the Department of Justice. Each faction denounced the other as working f=
or the Nazis; each was exposed. ize:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">MacLaren's mast=
erstroke, though, was a publicity blitz against IG Farben that finally forc=
ed the US authorities to take action. font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">It was in spr=
ing 1942, that BSC launched a 70-page pamphlet called=C2=A0Sequel To The=
Apocalypse, a taut distillation of MacLaren and Merten's investiga=
tion of IG Farben's American networks. Booktab, a BSC front company, pu=
blished 200,000 copies, on sale at 25 cents, the striking cover featuring t=
he four horsemen of the Apocalypse, one holding a torch aloft, whose smoke =
spelled out 'IG Farben'. size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">The contents were =
explosive. They revealed, for example, the role of IG Farben in promoting t=
he war, and the huge profits it was making from the destruction. It also de=
tailed the company's web of links with American household names, especi=
ally Standard Oil. With a foreword written by Rex Stout, a popular mystery =
novelist, it sold out immediately. Stout proclaimed that IG Farben's Am=
erican business partners were traitors, working for Nazi Germany's inte=
rests. 774px;padding-right:16.5774px">For GAF and Standard Oil, the pamphlet was a=
public relations catastrophe. They immediately despatched teams of employe=
es to buy up copies. But it was too late. The US authorities felt obliged t=
o act; IG Farben's business empire in America was closed down and its s=
ubsidiaries placed on a blacklist. The US government also seized 2,500 pate=
nts from Standard Oil, on the grounds that they were owned by IG Farben.> ding-right:16.5774px">This was a massive setback for Nazi Germany, as it co=
uld no longer use its American network to supply vital war materials. style=3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;paddin=
g-right:16.5774px">Its US allies were named and shamed, causing a wave of r=
evulsion =E2=80=94 especially as, by now, the United States was at war with=
Germany.6.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In many ways, Donald MacLaren seemed an u=
nlikely spy =E2=80=94 and it is thanks only to a cache of yellowing intelli=
gence papers that some part of this story has been retrieved. The BSC archi=
ves were deliberately destroyed after the war because they were judged too =
sensitive for the public gaze. But MacLaren was as stubborn as he was brave=
. He kept his papers. dding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Paradoxically, it was his upb=
ringing as a son of the manse that aided his work as a spy. The teenage Don=
ald helped out on his father's parish rounds, sometimes even ministerin=
g to the dying. Warm and convivial, he had an unrivalled ability to get peo=
ple to share their deepest confidences. x;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">By 1938, Ma=
cLaren had moved to New York. His skills at forensic accounting made him a =
natural recruit for BSC. New York in 1940 was a magnet for Allied and Axis =
intelligence agencies. Its immigrant populations provided natural cover for=
spies. It was dangerous work. He once told his son, Donald, he had killed =
an enemy agent and interrogated many more, but would not reveal where or wh=
en. 'But fortunately, I never had to torture anybody.' =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">MacLaren himself was keen to fight and obtained a commission w=
ith the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders but British intelligence refuse=
d to let him leave. ing-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">As the War ended, MacLaren went=
to Germany to build a legal case against IG Farben executives. He submitte=
d a series of lengthy memos on the company and its leaders who, said MacLar=
en, embodied the dark nexus of German industry and the Nazi war machine. Ma=
cLaren argued, with remarkable foresight, that the way the Allies dealt wit=
h IG Farben would determine the economic balance of power in post-War Europ=
e. x;padding-right:16.5774px">'We are dealing here ... with denazification=
and demilitarisation of the heart and soul of the German war machine,'=
he wrote. 16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In 1947, 24 senior IG Farben officials w=
ere tried for war crimes. Thirteen were found guilty. Their sentences were =
derisory. Hermann Schmitz received four years for 'plunder'. style=3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding=
-right:16.5774px">All IG Farben executives were released by 1951 on the ord=
ers of John McCloy, US High Commissioner for Germany. eight:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774p=
x">Schmitz and his colleagues were warmly welcomed back to the German busin=
ess world. The Cold War meant revitalising German industry was more importa=
nt than punishing those complicit in mass murder. t:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">I=
G Farben no longer legally exists. It was broken up into its constituent co=
mpanies. But they are more powerful than ever. BASF is now the world's =
largest chemicals company, with annual sales of almost =E2=82=AC80=E2=80=89=
billion. Bayer is the world's biggest producer of aspirin. =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">Donald MacLaren eventually moved to London, where he worked fo=
r the United Baltic Shipping Corporation, becoming a director. =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">In 1950, he stood as the unsuccessful Labour candidate in the =
Conservative seat of Kinross and West Perthshire. t:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">H=
e died in June 1966, aged 56, having never spoken publicly about his wartim=
e role, the risks he took and the remarkable service he performed for his c=
ountry.
r-color:rgb(0,0,255)">left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Adam Lebor is an investigative j=
ournalist. His 'Tower Of Basel: The Shadowy History Of The Secret Bank =
That Rules The World', a history of the Bank For International Settleme=
nts, was published by PublicAffairs. This article appeared December 28, 201=
4 in the Daily Mail (UK) and is archived at
ail.co.uk/news/article-2530447/The-spying-Scotsman-hunted-Nazis-" target=3D=
"_blank" rel=3D"noreferrer">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2530447=
/The-spying-Scotsman-hunted-Nazis- New-York-The-amazing-story-Britains-=
clandestine-war-Hitlers-agents-big-money-backers-US.html
In a side c=
lip, the article says this about the Sunday reader who
found the story:<=
/i> normal;background-color:rgb(242,235,219);padding-left:16.5774px;padding-rig=
ht:16.5774px">3095px;padding-right:14.3095px">In May 2009, I wrote an article for The =
Mail on Sunday about a US intelligence document that I had obtained, known =
as the Red House Report =E2=80=94 an account of a meeting of Nazi industria=
lists at the Maison Rouge Hotel in Strasbourg in 1944. They had gathered to=
plan the Fourth Reich and their domination of Europe through an economic, =
rather than military, imperium.
Helen Scholfield, a MoS reader, cont=
acted me. Among her late husband's papers, she had found several marked=
'Secret' about British intelligence and IG Farben: the account of =
Donald MacLaren's operation.
Journalist Bob Scholfield died in 2=
000 but without his diligent research, the story of how MacLaren destroyed =
the Nazi's US economic empire might have lain buried for ever, one of a=
myriad of wartime secrets yet to be told. Th=
anks are due Aryeh Zelasko for sending this article to Think-Israel.style=3D"line-height:22.4px;font-size:1em;font-style:normal;padding-left:16=
.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">
y">
--000000000000f1b11605b4725ce5-- --===============0394989456== Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline _______________________________________________ Hangout mailing list Hangout-at-nylxs.com http://lists.mrbrklyn.com/mailman/listinfo/hangout --===============0394989456==-- --===============0394989456== Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="000000000000f1b11605b4725ce5" --000000000000f1b11605b4725ce5 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: George Moskowitz MD
Date: Thu, Nov 19, 2020, 4:26 AM
Subject: A True Story of the invisible but dangerous power of THE US STATE
DEPARTMENT (Mr. Dullas) and its corollary business assistants on Wall
Street and in the USA prior to and during WWII....the IG FARBEN story...and
the one unsung hero in the Story. Fascinating piece of history . P.S. IG
FARBEN was the industrial employer of the Auschwitz concentration camp
slaves! Humbly Tatty
To: Sarah Chaya M. AKHAVAN , ELI Akhavan Esq. <
kea52-at-aol.com>, Pinchas Paul Moskowitz , Reuven
Moskowitz , Yehudis 13 mobile Moskowitz =
,
Mamman CB Moskowitz
THINK-ISRAEL
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THE SCOTSMAN WHO HUNTED HITLER'S AGENTS IN THE USAby Adam Lebor
*The spying Scotsman who hunted the Nazis of New York. The amazing story of
Britain's clandestine war on Hitler's agents and his big-money backers in
the US*
[image: donald maclaren]
*Uncovered documents show how British agents, headed by Highland clan chief
Donald MacLaren, took on Nazi sympathisers in the US*
In the summer of 1940, as British pilots fought desperately for the skies
of southern England, the battle was joined on a very different front,
thousands of miles from the coast of Kent.
It was fought through the political salons of Washington DC, the boardrooms
and the smoky nightclubs of New York.
The protagonists had no uniform save that of a well-tailored suit; their
weapons were native cunning, a plausible manner, and, from time to time, a
concealed revolver.
This was the secret battle for America, ordered by Winston Churchill
himself, and the fate of the free world hung upon it.
Today, we can reveal the untold story of how British agents went to war on
Wall Street, a story pieced together from a remarkable collection of secret
intelligence reports lying untouched for decades.
Uncovered by the MoS, the documents show how British agents took on Nazi
sympathisers in the US with a masterful campaign of dirty tricks and
disinformation, how they outmanoeuvred Hitler's network of American allies
and how they, ultimately, destroyed the Third Reich's powerful business and
intelligence empire across the water.
Today, amid talk of special relationships and historic links, few remember
that a sizeable part of American opinion was pro-German, even as Europe
burned =E2=80=94 or that many well-placed Americans were virulently anti-Br=
itish.
There was a strongly held belief, particularly in corporate and financial
life, that the Nazis were the best bulwark against the advance of Communism=
.
In fact, America and its vast industrial output were vital for the Nazi war
effort. German companies ran extensive US subsidiaries and supplied the
Third Reich with pharmaceuticals, chemicals and the latest technology,
directly or through South American subsidiaries.
The Third Reich needed information, too. Long before the outbreak of war,
German firms had placed networks of deep-penetration agents across the
American business world.
There was open sympathy for the German cause and it extended to the very
top of American society.
Sullivan & Cromwell, a powerful New York law firm, brokered numerous deals
between American business and the German companies that helped bring Hitler
to power.
The partners included John Foster Dulles, who later became Secretary of
State, and his brother, Allen Dulles, America's wartime spymaster, who
became the first head of the CIA.
Standard Oil, founded by the Rockefellers, was entwined with IG Farben,
Nazi Germany's most powerful conglomerate. Brown Brothers Harriman, the
oldest private bank in the United States, was connected to Fritz Thyssen,
the German steel magnate who had financed Hitler.
Thyssen ran his American business through the Union Banking Corporation,
based in New York. Its directors included Prescott Bush, father of
President George Bush and grandfather of President George W. Bush.
Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company, was the author of the
anti-Semitic pamphlet, The International Jew. He received a medal from Nazi
Germany in 1938. Hitler kept a portrait of him in his office.
[image: hitler and industrialists]*Vital support: Adolf Hitler in 1932 with
German industry barons, including steel magnate Fritz Thyssen, right*
All this, declared Winston Churchill, had to stop. The man charged with
tackling the Germans' formidable operation was Donald MacLaren, a Highland
clan chief. Charming, persuasive and physically imposing, MacLaren was a
skilled operative who established a network of 150 agents across the
Americas in the early years of the War on behalf of British Security
Coordination (BSC), the British intelligence organisation in the US.
Working closely with George Merten, a German anti-Nazi, his mission was to
report on Nazi-American business links.
By training, MacLaren was an accountant, a vital skill for industrial
counter-espionage. But he was no grey man. A snappy dresser with a taste
for good food, wine and cigars, MacLaren relished his time in Manhattan and
entertained his contacts at 21, an upmarket restaurant a few blocks from
the British intelligence HQ at the Rockefeller Centre.
Their enemy was IG Farben, the friend of Standard Oil. Born out of a merger
between Bayer, BASF, Hoechst and Agfa, IG Farben was the largest and most
powerful company in Europe and the biggest chemical conglomerate in the
world, producing the basic components of a modern industrial state:
explosives, film, plastics, fuel, rayon, paint, pesticides and much more.
Including poisonous gases.
Without IG Farben, Nazi Germany could not wage war. Hermann Schmitz, its
CEO, was one of Hitler's earliest backers. IG Farben designed, built and
ran the company's concentration camp at Auschwitz, known as Auschwitz III,
making Buna, or artificial rubber. Its managers oversaw tens of thousands
of slave labourers in conditions of extreme brutality, forced to work until
they died or were despatched to the gas chambers to be killed with Zyklon B
=E2=80=94 a patent owned by IG Farben.
Hermann Schmitz was also a director of the mysterious Bank For
International Settlements, based in Basel. The BIS, which still exists, was
a key point in the secret channels between the United States and the Nazis.
Naturally, IG Farben went by a different name in America, operating as a
company known as General Aniline and Film, or GAF.
[image: 1942 pamphlet]
*Revealed: Donald MacLaren's 1942 pamphlet*
And helped by its association with Standard Oil, GAF extended its tentacles
into the heart of the business, legal and political establishment, sending
diplomatic and industrial secrets =E2=80=94 plus huge profits =E2=80=94 bac=
k to Berlin.
MacLaren, then, was facing formidable opposition, and not just from Nazi
agents. The mandarins of the State Department were obsessed with
maintaining America's neutrality and they instructed J. Edgar Hoover, the
head of the FBI, to refrain from any collaboration with Britain.
The powerful Irish and Catholic lobbies were violently anti-British, none
more than Joseph Kennedy, US ambassador to London. A pro-Nazi lobby, the
German-American Bund, boasted celebrity supporters, such as the aviator
Charles Lindbergh. At its peak, the America First Committee, the most
formidable isolationist lobbying organisation, had several hundred thousand
members, including future President Gerald Ford.
MacLaren decided to use the same tactics as the Germans. He, too, became a
fake businessman and, using an alias, claimed he wanted to establish a
relationship with GAF.
His first attack was the work of a classic *agent provocateur*. The GAF
directors, he discovered, were split into two factions over how they would
protect their interests should America enter the war. MacLaren, who by now
was close to a number of GAF board members, began leaking and fabricating
information to set one faction against another.
This, he later said, resulted in one group racing the other to Washington
to report the wicked activities of their colleagues to the Department of
Justice. Each faction denounced the other as working for the Nazis; each
was exposed.
MacLaren's masterstroke, though, was a publicity blitz against IG Farben
that finally forced the US authorities to take action.
It was in spring 1942, that BSC launched a 70-page pamphlet called *Sequel
To The Apocalypse*, a taut distillation of MacLaren and Merten's
investigation of IG Farben's American networks. Booktab, a BSC front
company, published 200,000 copies, on sale at 25 cents, the striking cover
featuring the four horsemen of the Apocalypse, one holding a torch aloft,
whose smoke spelled out 'IG Farben'.
The contents were explosive. They revealed, for example, the role of IG
Farben in promoting the war, and the huge profits it was making from the
destruction. It also detailed the company's web of links with American
household names, especially Standard Oil. With a foreword written by Rex
Stout, a popular mystery novelist, it sold out immediately. Stout
proclaimed that IG Farben's American business partners were traitors,
working for Nazi Germany's interests.
For GAF and Standard Oil, the pamphlet was a public relations catastrophe.
They immediately despatched teams of employees to buy up copies. But it was
too late. The US authorities felt obliged to act; IG Farben's business
empire in America was closed down and its subsidiaries placed on a
blacklist. The US government also seized 2,500 patents from Standard Oil,
on the grounds that they were owned by IG Farben.
This was a massive setback for Nazi Germany, as it could no longer use its
American network to supply vital war materials.
Its US allies were named and shamed, causing a wave of revulsion =E2=80=94
especially as, by now, the United States was at war with Germany.
In many ways, Donald MacLaren seemed an unlikely spy =E2=80=94 and it is th=
anks
only to a cache of yellowing intelligence papers that some part of this
story has been retrieved. The BSC archives were deliberately destroyed
after the war because they were judged too sensitive for the public gaze.
But MacLaren was as stubborn as he was brave. He kept his papers.
Paradoxically, it was his upbringing as a son of the manse that aided his
work as a spy. The teenage Donald helped out on his father's parish rounds,
sometimes even ministering to the dying. Warm and convivial, he had an
unrivalled ability to get people to share their deepest confidences.
By 1938, MacLaren had moved to New York. His skills at forensic accounting
made him a natural recruit for BSC. New York in 1940 was a magnet for
Allied and Axis intelligence agencies. Its immigrant populations provided
natural cover for spies. It was dangerous work. He once told his son,
Donald, he had killed an enemy agent and interrogated many more, but would
not reveal where or when. 'But fortunately, I never had to torture anybody.=
'
MacLaren himself was keen to fight and obtained a commission with the
Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders but British intelligence refused to let him
leave.
As the War ended, MacLaren went to Germany to build a legal case against IG
Farben executives. He submitted a series of lengthy memos on the company
and its leaders who, said MacLaren, embodied the dark nexus of German
industry and the Nazi war machine. MacLaren argued, with remarkable
foresight, that the way the Allies dealt with IG Farben would determine the
economic balance of power in post-War Europe.
'We are dealing here ... with denazification and demilitarisation of the
heart and soul of the German war machine,' he wrote.
In 1947, 24 senior IG Farben officials were tried for war crimes. Thirteen
were found guilty. Their sentences were derisory. Hermann Schmitz received
four years for 'plunder'.
All IG Farben executives were released by 1951 on the orders of John
McCloy, US High Commissioner for Germany.
Schmitz and his colleagues were warmly welcomed back to the German business
world. The Cold War meant revitalising German industry was more important
than punishing those complicit in mass murder.
IG Farben no longer legally exists. It was broken up into its constituent
companies. But they are more powerful than ever. BASF is now the world's
largest chemicals company, with annual sales of almost =E2=82=AC80 billion.=
Bayer
is the world's biggest producer of aspirin.
Donald MacLaren eventually moved to London, where he worked for the United
Baltic Shipping Corporation, becoming a director.
In 1950, he stood as the unsuccessful Labour candidate in the Conservative
seat of Kinross and West Perthshire.
He died in June 1966, aged 56, having never spoken publicly about his
wartime role, the risks he took and the remarkable service he performed for
his country.
------------------------------
*Adam Lebor is an investigative journalist. His 'Tower Of Basel: The
Shadowy History Of The Secret Bank That Rules The World', a history of the
Bank For International Settlements, was published by PublicAffairs. This
article appeared December 28, 2014 in the Daily Mail (UK) and is archived
athttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2530447/The-spying-Scotsman-hunte=
d-Nazis-
-Nazis->
New-York-The-amazing-story-Britains-clandestine-war-Hitlers-agents-big-mone=
y-backers-US.htmlIn
a side clip, the article says this about the Sunday reader whofound the
story:*
*In May 2009, I wrote an article for The Mail on Sunday about a US
intelligence document that I had obtained, known as the Red House Report =
=E2=80=94
an account of a meeting of Nazi industrialists at the Maison Rouge Hotel in
Strasbourg in 1944. They had gathered to plan the Fourth Reich and their
domination of Europe through an economic, rather than military,
imperium.Helen Scholfield, a MoS reader, contacted me. Among her late
husband's papers, she had found several marked 'Secret' about British
intelligence and IG Farben: the account of Donald MacLaren's
operation.Journalist Bob Scholfield died in 2000 but without his diligent
research, the story of how MacLaren destroyed the Nazi's US economic empire
might have lain buried for ever, one of a myriad of wartime secrets yet to
be told.Thanks are due Aryeh Zelasko for sending this article to
Think-Israel.*
*[image: Return] _________________________End of
Story___________________________ [image: Return]
*
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ck;width:auto" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noreferrer">Archives <= /div> gin:0px 48.1905px;padding-left:19.2738px;padding-right:19.2738px;font-size:= 16px;text-align:justify;font-family:"times new roman",times,serif= ;letter-spacing:0.96px" dir=3D"auto"> nt-size:1.6em;font-weight:bolder;letter-spacing:0.09em;text-align:center;li=
ne-height:65.0136px">THE SCOTSMAN WHO HUNTED HITLER'S AGENTS IN THE USA=
text-align:center;line-height:60.5336px">by Adam Lebor-height:22.4px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px=
">The spying Scotsman who hunted the Nazis of New York. The amazing s=
tory of Britain's clandestine war on Hitler's agents and his big-mo=
ney backers in the US em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px"> http://www.think-israel.org/jan14pix/donald.maclaren.jpg" border=3D"1" widt=
h=3D"50%" alt=3D"donald maclaren" style=3D"float:left;margin:1em"><=
i>
Uncovered documents show how British agents, headed by Highland c=
lan chief Donald MacLaren, took on Nazi sympathisers in the US=
x;padding-right:16.5774px"> 1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In the summer of 1940, =
as British pilots fought desperately for the skies of southern England, the=
battle was joined on a very different front, thousands of miles from the c=
oast of Kent. ft:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">It was fought through the political s=
alons of Washington DC, the boardrooms and the smoky nightclubs of New York=
. ;padding-right:16.5774px">The protagonists had no uniform save that of a we=
ll-tailored suit; their weapons were native cunning, a plausible manner, an=
d, from time to time, a concealed revolver. 936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">This wa=
s the secret battle for America, ordered by Winston Churchill himself, and =
the fate of the free world hung upon it. px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Today, we =
can reveal the untold story of how British agents went to war on Wall Stree=
t, a story pieced together from a remarkable collection of secret intellige=
nce reports lying untouched for decades. px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Uncovered =
by the MoS, the documents show how British agents took on Nazi sympathisers=
in the US with a masterful campaign of dirty tricks and disinformation, ho=
w they outmanoeuvred Hitler's network of American allies and how they, =
ultimately, destroyed the Third Reich's powerful business and intellige=
nce empire across the water. :1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Today, amid talk of sp=
ecial relationships and historic links, few remember that a sizeable part o=
f American opinion was pro-German, even as Europe burned =E2=80=94 or that =
many well-placed Americans were virulently anti-British. e-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.57=
74px">There was a strongly held belief, particularly in corporate and finan=
cial life, that the Nazis were the best bulwark against the advance of Comm=
unism. 774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In fact, America and its vast industrial out=
put were vital for the Nazi war effort. German companies ran extensive US s=
ubsidiaries and supplied the Third Reich with pharmaceuticals, chemicals an=
d the latest technology, directly or through South American subsidiaries.p> dding-right:16.5774px">The Third Reich needed information, too. Long before=
the outbreak of war, German firms had placed networks of deep-penetration =
agents across the American business world. 36px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">There wa=
s open sympathy for the German cause and it extended to the very top of Ame=
rican society. eft:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Sullivan & Cromwell, a powerful =
New York law firm, brokered numerous deals between American business and th=
e German companies that helped bring Hitler to power. eight:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774p=
x">The partners included John Foster Dulles, who later became Secretary of =
State, and his brother, Allen Dulles, America's wartime spymaster, who =
became the first head of the CIA. -size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Standard Oil, fou=
nded by the Rockefellers, was entwined with IG Farben, Nazi Germany's m=
ost powerful conglomerate. Brown Brothers Harriman, the oldest private bank=
in the United States, was connected to Fritz Thyssen, the German steel mag=
nate who had financed Hitler. e:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Thyssen ran his Ameri=
can business through the Union Banking Corporation, based in New York. Its =
directors included Prescott Bush, father of President George Bush and grand=
father of President George W. Bush. nt-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Henry Ford, fou=
nder of the Ford Motor Company, was the author of the anti-Semitic pamphlet=
, The International Jew. He received a medal from Nazi Germany in 1938. Hit=
ler kept a portrait of him in his office. ;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px"> =
jpg" border=3D"1" width=3D"90%" alt=3D"hitler and industrialists" style=3D"=
margin:1em">Vital support: Adolf Hitler in 1932 with German indu=
stry barons, including steel magnate Fritz Thyssen, rightter>ding-right:16.5774px"> adding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">All this, declared Winston C=
hurchill, had to stop. The man charged with tackling the Germans' formi=
dable operation was Donald MacLaren, a Highland clan chief. Charming, persu=
asive and physically imposing, MacLaren was a skilled operative who establi=
shed a network of 150 agents across the Americas in the early years of the =
War on behalf of British Security Coordination (BSC), the British intellige=
nce organisation in the US. Working closely with George Merten, a German an=
ti-Nazi, his mission was to report on Nazi-American business links. tyle=3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-=
right:16.5774px">By training, MacLaren was an accountant, a vital skill for=
industrial counter-espionage. But he was no grey man. A snappy dresser wit=
h a taste for good food, wine and cigars, MacLaren relished his time in Man=
hattan and entertained his contacts at 21, an upmarket restaurant a few blo=
cks from the British intelligence HQ at the Rockefeller Centre. =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">Their enemy was IG Farben, the friend of Standard Oil. Born ou=
t of a merger between Bayer, BASF, Hoechst and Agfa, IG Farben was the larg=
est and most powerful company in Europe and the biggest chemical conglomera=
te in the world, producing the basic components of a modern industrial stat=
e: explosives, film, plastics, fuel, rayon, paint, pesticides and much more=
. Including poisonous gases. :1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Without IG Farben, Naz=
i Germany could not wage war. Hermann Schmitz, its CEO, was one of Hitler&#=
39;s earliest backers. IG Farben designed, built and ran the company's =
concentration camp at Auschwitz, known as Auschwitz III, making Buna, or ar=
tificial rubber. Its managers oversaw tens of thousands of slave labourers =
in conditions of extreme brutality, forced to work until they died or were =
despatched to the gas chambers to be killed with Zyklon B =E2=80=94 a paten=
t owned by IG Farben. dding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Hermann Schmitz was also a di=
rector of the mysterious Bank For International Settlements, based in Basel=
. The BIS, which still exists, was a key point in the secret channels betwe=
en the United States and the Nazis. nt-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Naturally, IG F=
arben went by a different name in America, operating as a company known as =
General Aniline and Film, or GAF. ze:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px"> =3D"http://www.think-israel.org/jan14pix/1942.pamphlet.jpg" border=3D"1" wi=
dth=3D"50%" alt=3D"1942 pamphlet" style=3D"float:right;margin:1em">=
Revealed: Donald MacLaren's 1942 pamphleter>ing-right:16.5774px"> dding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">And helped by its association=
with Standard Oil, GAF extended its tentacles into the heart of the busine=
ss, legal and political establishment, sending diplomatic and industrial se=
crets =E2=80=94 plus huge profits =E2=80=94 back to Berlin. MacLaren, then,=
was facing formidable opposition, and not just from Nazi agents. The manda=
rins of the State Department were obsessed with maintaining America's n=
eutrality and they instructed J. Edgar Hoover, the head of the FBI, to refr=
ain from any collaboration with Britain. px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">The powerf=
ul Irish and Catholic lobbies were violently anti-British, none more than J=
oseph Kennedy, US ambassador to London. A pro-Nazi lobby, the German-Americ=
an Bund, boasted celebrity supporters, such as the aviator Charles Lindberg=
h. At its peak, the America First Committee, the most formidable isolationi=
st lobbying organisation, had several hundred thousand members, including f=
uture President Gerald Ford. :1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">MacLaren decided to us=
e the same tactics as the Germans. He, too, became a fake businessman and, =
using an alias, claimed he wanted to establish a relationship with GAF. =
ing-right:16.5774px">His first attack was the work of a classic=C2=A0age=
nt provocateur. The GAF directors, he discovered, were split into two f=
actions over how they would protect their interests should America enter th=
e war. MacLaren, who by now was close to a number of GAF board members, beg=
an leaking and fabricating information to set one faction against another.<=
/p> adding-right:16.5774px">This, he later said, resulted in one group racing t=
he other to Washington to report the wicked activities of their colleagues =
to the Department of Justice. Each faction denounced the other as working f=
or the Nazis; each was exposed. ize:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">MacLaren's mast=
erstroke, though, was a publicity blitz against IG Farben that finally forc=
ed the US authorities to take action. font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">It was in spr=
ing 1942, that BSC launched a 70-page pamphlet called=C2=A0Sequel To The=
Apocalypse, a taut distillation of MacLaren and Merten's investiga=
tion of IG Farben's American networks. Booktab, a BSC front company, pu=
blished 200,000 copies, on sale at 25 cents, the striking cover featuring t=
he four horsemen of the Apocalypse, one holding a torch aloft, whose smoke =
spelled out 'IG Farben'. size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">The contents were =
explosive. They revealed, for example, the role of IG Farben in promoting t=
he war, and the huge profits it was making from the destruction. It also de=
tailed the company's web of links with American household names, especi=
ally Standard Oil. With a foreword written by Rex Stout, a popular mystery =
novelist, it sold out immediately. Stout proclaimed that IG Farben's Am=
erican business partners were traitors, working for Nazi Germany's inte=
rests. 774px;padding-right:16.5774px">For GAF and Standard Oil, the pamphlet was a=
public relations catastrophe. They immediately despatched teams of employe=
es to buy up copies. But it was too late. The US authorities felt obliged t=
o act; IG Farben's business empire in America was closed down and its s=
ubsidiaries placed on a blacklist. The US government also seized 2,500 pate=
nts from Standard Oil, on the grounds that they were owned by IG Farben.> ding-right:16.5774px">This was a massive setback for Nazi Germany, as it co=
uld no longer use its American network to supply vital war materials. style=3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;paddin=
g-right:16.5774px">Its US allies were named and shamed, causing a wave of r=
evulsion =E2=80=94 especially as, by now, the United States was at war with=
Germany.6.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In many ways, Donald MacLaren seemed an u=
nlikely spy =E2=80=94 and it is thanks only to a cache of yellowing intelli=
gence papers that some part of this story has been retrieved. The BSC archi=
ves were deliberately destroyed after the war because they were judged too =
sensitive for the public gaze. But MacLaren was as stubborn as he was brave=
. He kept his papers. dding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Paradoxically, it was his upb=
ringing as a son of the manse that aided his work as a spy. The teenage Don=
ald helped out on his father's parish rounds, sometimes even ministerin=
g to the dying. Warm and convivial, he had an unrivalled ability to get peo=
ple to share their deepest confidences. x;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">By 1938, Ma=
cLaren had moved to New York. His skills at forensic accounting made him a =
natural recruit for BSC. New York in 1940 was a magnet for Allied and Axis =
intelligence agencies. Its immigrant populations provided natural cover for=
spies. It was dangerous work. He once told his son, Donald, he had killed =
an enemy agent and interrogated many more, but would not reveal where or wh=
en. 'But fortunately, I never had to torture anybody.' =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">MacLaren himself was keen to fight and obtained a commission w=
ith the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders but British intelligence refuse=
d to let him leave. ing-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">As the War ended, MacLaren went=
to Germany to build a legal case against IG Farben executives. He submitte=
d a series of lengthy memos on the company and its leaders who, said MacLar=
en, embodied the dark nexus of German industry and the Nazi war machine. Ma=
cLaren argued, with remarkable foresight, that the way the Allies dealt wit=
h IG Farben would determine the economic balance of power in post-War Europ=
e. x;padding-right:16.5774px">'We are dealing here ... with denazification=
and demilitarisation of the heart and soul of the German war machine,'=
he wrote. 16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">In 1947, 24 senior IG Farben officials w=
ere tried for war crimes. Thirteen were found guilty. Their sentences were =
derisory. Hermann Schmitz received four years for 'plunder'. style=3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding=
-right:16.5774px">All IG Farben executives were released by 1951 on the ord=
ers of John McCloy, US High Commissioner for Germany. eight:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774p=
x">Schmitz and his colleagues were warmly welcomed back to the German busin=
ess world. The Cold War meant revitalising German industry was more importa=
nt than punishing those complicit in mass murder. t:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">I=
G Farben no longer legally exists. It was broken up into its constituent co=
mpanies. But they are more powerful than ever. BASF is now the world's =
largest chemicals company, with annual sales of almost =E2=82=AC80=E2=80=89=
billion. Bayer is the world's biggest producer of aspirin. =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">Donald MacLaren eventually moved to London, where he worked fo=
r the United Baltic Shipping Corporation, becoming a director. =3D"line-height:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-righ=
t:16.5774px">In 1950, he stood as the unsuccessful Labour candidate in the =
Conservative seat of Kinross and West Perthshire. t:58.2936px;font-size:1em;padding-left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">H=
e died in June 1966, aged 56, having never spoken publicly about his wartim=
e role, the risks he took and the remarkable service he performed for his c=
ountry.
r-color:rgb(0,0,255)">left:16.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">Adam Lebor is an investigative j=
ournalist. His 'Tower Of Basel: The Shadowy History Of The Secret Bank =
That Rules The World', a history of the Bank For International Settleme=
nts, was published by PublicAffairs. This article appeared December 28, 201=
4 in the Daily Mail (UK) and is archived at
ail.co.uk/news/article-2530447/The-spying-Scotsman-hunted-Nazis-" target=3D=
"_blank" rel=3D"noreferrer">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2530447=
/The-spying-Scotsman-hunted-Nazis- New-York-The-amazing-story-Britains-=
clandestine-war-Hitlers-agents-big-money-backers-US.html
In a side c=
lip, the article says this about the Sunday reader who
found the story:<=
/i> normal;background-color:rgb(242,235,219);padding-left:16.5774px;padding-rig=
ht:16.5774px">3095px;padding-right:14.3095px">In May 2009, I wrote an article for The =
Mail on Sunday about a US intelligence document that I had obtained, known =
as the Red House Report =E2=80=94 an account of a meeting of Nazi industria=
lists at the Maison Rouge Hotel in Strasbourg in 1944. They had gathered to=
plan the Fourth Reich and their domination of Europe through an economic, =
rather than military, imperium.
Helen Scholfield, a MoS reader, cont=
acted me. Among her late husband's papers, she had found several marked=
'Secret' about British intelligence and IG Farben: the account of =
Donald MacLaren's operation.
Journalist Bob Scholfield died in 2=
000 but without his diligent research, the story of how MacLaren destroyed =
the Nazi's US economic empire might have lain buried for ever, one of a=
myriad of wartime secrets yet to be told. Th=
anks are due Aryeh Zelasko for sending this article to Think-Israel.style=3D"line-height:22.4px;font-size:1em;font-style:normal;padding-left:16=
.5774px;padding-right:16.5774px">
y">
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