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DATE 2016-10-01

LEARN

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MESSAGE
DATE 2016-10-05
FROM Ruben Safir
SUBJECT Re: [Learn] 3rd scans and displays for msueums
From learn-bounces-at-nylxs.com Wed Oct 5 00:11:53 2016
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On 10/04/2016 07:43 PM, Ruben Safir wrote:
> http://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3D3003&context=3Dd=
issertations
> =

> this is related to what we are looking at. Hopefully, we can investigate=
the =

> format for these 3d files and use machine learning to analyze them
> =

> =



just want to fix the archive

http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/philips-colors-t-rex-trixs-tail-usi=
ng-its-spectral-ct-technology-300335677.html#continue-jump


Philips colors T. Rex Trix's tail using its Spectral CT technology

Philips IQon Spectral CT adds unique information to the medical record of T=
. Rex Trix

AMSTERDAM, Sept. 28, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Royal Philips (NYSE: PHG, AEX: PH=
IA), a leading health technology company, today presented the results of a =
Spectral CT scan of the tail vertebrae of Trix, a 66 million year old Tyran=
nosaurus Rex dinosaur. Working with Leiden's Naturalis museum in the Nether=
lands, Philips offered to scan one of the world's most complete and best pr=
eserved T. Rex skeletons. The aim of the scan was to evaluate how images of=
Trix's tail vertebrae obtained using Philips' IQon Spectral CT imaging dif=
fer from conventional CT images, and to provide a level of detail not visib=
le to paleontologists until now. =


Trix, who was discovered in Montana, USA, in 2013, was purchased by the Nat=
uralis museum and transported to the Netherlands on August 23, 2016. For 66=
million years this carnivorous dinosaur lay buried in the rocks. As the or=
ganic matter had virtually all disappeared, only the skeleton was left, and=
over the millennia a mineralization process took place. As a result, Trix'=
s fossilized bones can be considered 'remineralized' representations of her=
original bones. =

Continue Reading
The tail vertebrae of Trix, a 66 million year old Tyrannosaurus Rex dinosau=
r, goes into the Philips IQon spectral CT scanner.

The tail vertebrae of Trix, a 66 million year old Tyrannosaurus Rex dinosau=
r, goes into the Philips IQon spectral CT scanner.
Comparison of a conventional CT image (left) with the image obtained with t=
he IQon (right). The observed 'density' in the conventional CT image - caus=
ed by the pyrite infill visible between the spinal canal and the main body =
of the vertebra - is removed in the IQon Spectral CT image, revealing not o=
nly the bone structure in the affected region (red arrows), but also the st=
ructure of the pyrite infill itself (blue arrows).

Comparison of a conventional CT image (left) with the image obtained with t=
he IQon (right). The observed 'density' in the conventional CT image - caus=
ed by the pyrite infill visible between the spinal canal and the main body =
of the vertebra - is removed in the IQon Spectral CT image, revealing not o=
nly the bone structure in the affected region (red arrows), but also the st=
ructure of the pyrite infill itself (blue arrows).
Trix tail shows color - Philips IQon was able to acquire two different X-ra=
y energy levels in a single acquisition. Using IQon, Philips was able to id=
entify and color-highlight bone structure, even with 'remineralized' versio=
ns of the original bones.

Trix tail shows color - Philips IQon was able to acquire two different X-ra=
y energy levels in a single acquisition. Using IQon, Philips was able to id=
entify and color-highlight bone structure, even with 'remineralized' versio=
ns of the original bones.
The tail vertebrae of Trix, a 66 million year old Tyrannosaurus Rex dinosau=
r, goes into the Philips IQon spectral CT scanner. Comparison of a conventi=
onal CT image (left) with the image obtained with the IQon (right). The obs=
erved 'density' in the conventional CT image - caused by the pyrite infill =
visible between the spinal canal and the main body of the vertebra - is rem=
oved in the IQon Spectral CT image, revealing not only the bone structure i=
n the affected region (red arrows), but also the structure of the pyrite in=
fill itself (blue arrows). Trix tail shows color - Philips IQon was able to=
acquire two different X-ray energy levels in a single acquisition. Using I=
Qon, Philips was able to identify and color-highlight bone structure, even =
with 'remineralized' versions of the original bones.

The smaller bones in the tail of a T. Rex fossil are often missing, lost to=
scavenging or washed away by currents prior to burial and fossilization. I=
ntact smaller tail elements of a T. Rex are therefore rare, and Philips was=
not aware of much prior work on the internal structure of these elements. =
However, Trix has a beautifully preserved tail. Paleontologist and dinosaur=
expert Anne Schulp of Naturalis was keen to examine Trix's vertebrae in gr=
eater detail. On August 31, her four tail vertebrae (C20 =96 C23) were scan=
ned on a Philips IQon Spectral CT scanner in Best, in the Netherlands.

"We have already looked at some of the bones using a regular medical CT sca=
nner, but we had a little problem," said Anne Schulp, Paleontologist and di=
nosaur expert at Naturalis. "There is a deposit of pyrite =96 an iron rich =
mineral that blurs the complete picture because it absorbs the X-rays. So b=
asically we required a different technology."

Philips IQon is the world's first detector-based spectral CT scanner. In ad=
dition to its unique dual-layer detector, it makes use of advanced spectral=
reconstruction algorithms. By combining these two technologies, the IQon i=
s able to obtain detailed images of objects that are otherwise difficult to=
scan, such as Trix's tail vertebrae.

"The IQon filters out all the 'noise,' as it were, thereby providing a real=
ly good insight into the bone structure and how it is built up," explained =
Anne Schulp. "It's basically making the step from black and white movies to=
color. In this way, we are able to add depth to Trix's medical records: we=
make the invisible visible. It's just really hard to describe the sensatio=
n of finding something, seeing something that no one else has ever seen."

These scans are just the first images. Further investigations will provide =
even more insights to build up Trix's medical record. Over the next few mon=
ths, on-going research with medical experts will aim to reveal more details=
about Trix's life.

"What the IQon is doing is acquiring two different X-ray energy levels in a=
single acquisition. It's fantastic to see how a detailed three-dimensional=
image is built up," said Julien Milles, Clinical Scientist CT Health Syste=
ms, Philips Benelux. "With Trix, we were able to identify and color-highlig=
ht bone structure, even with 'remineralized' versions of the original bones=
. So in one picture it is just one white blob. And then all of a sudden, at=
the click of a mouse, there is the next one where all the details in the b=
one pop up. And that with a 66 million year old lady!"

This isn't the first time Philips' imaging technology has been leveraged fo=
r unearthing secrets of the past. In 2015, Philips' CT scanners were used t=
o study bones of the bodies of people who died in Pompeii, giving archeolog=
ists a view into the daily lives, health and habits of the citizens of Pomp=
eii.

For more information on the Philips IQon Spectral CT, visit www.philips.com=
/iqon.

For further information, please contact:

Marianne Nouwens
Philips Benelux
Tel.: +31 6 1158 1004
E-mail: Marianne.Nouwens-at-Philips.com

Kathy O'Reilly
Philips Group Communications
Tel.: +1 978-229-8919
E-mail: Kathy.oreilly-at-philips.com

About Royal Philips

Royal Philips (NYSE: PHG, AEX: PHIA) is a leading health technology company=
focused on improving people's health and enabling better outcomes across t=
he health continuum from healthy living and prevention, to diagnosis, treat=
ment and home care. Philips leverages advanced technology and deep clinical=
and consumer insights to deliver integrated solutions. Headquartered in th=
e Netherlands, the company is a leader in diagnostic imaging, image-guided =
therapy, patient monitoring and health informatics, as well as in consumer =
health and home care. Philips' health technology portfolio generated 2015 s=
ales of EUR 16.8 billion and employs approximately 69,000 employees with sa=
les and services in more than 100 countries. News about Philips can be foun=
d at www.philips.com/newscenter

=


Photo - http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20160928/412788 =

Photo - http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20160928/412789 =

Photo - http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20160928/412828



-- =

So many immigrant groups have swept through our town
that Brooklyn, like Atlantis, reaches mythological
proportions in the mind of the world - RI Safir 1998
http://www.mrbrklyn.com =


DRM is THEFT - We are the STAKEHOLDERS - RI Safir 2002
http://www.nylxs.com - Leadership Development in Free Software
http://www2.mrbrklyn.com/resources - Unpublished Archive
http://www.coinhangout.com - coins!
http://www.brooklyn-living.com

Being so tracked is for FARM ANIMALS and and extermination camps,
but incompatible with living as a free human being. -RI Safir 2013
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  1. 2016-10-04 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Check List of Texts to learn Cladistics and
  2. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Library access
  3. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Library access
  4. 2016-10-04 Christopher League <christopher.league-at-liu.edu> Re: [Learn] phylogenetics
  5. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] 3rd scans and displays for msueums
  6. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] =?utf-8?q?Residual_diversity_estimates=E2=80=99_do_not_co?=
  7. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] another paper on this topic to dig through
  8. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Subject: [Learn] Basic Phylogeny and Systematics
  9. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Library access
  10. 2016-10-05 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] 3rd scans and displays for msueums
  11. 2016-10-05 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: Check List of Texts to learn Cladistics and
  12. 2016-10-06 From: "Ruben.Safir" <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Subject: [Learn] TNT - Boom
  13. 2016-10-06 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] tomorrow
  14. 2016-10-09 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  15. 2016-10-09 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  16. 2016-10-09 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  17. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Paleo meeting time
  18. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  19. 2016-10-10 Steve Brusatte <brusatte-at-gmail.com> Re: [Learn] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  20. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  21. 2016-10-10 From: =?UTF-8?B?RGF2aWQgxIxlcm7DvQ==?= <david.cerny1-at-gmail.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  22. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  23. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  24. 2016-10-10 Dalton Meyer <paleonerd12-at-gmail.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  25. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] AI research
  26. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] CTScan in paelo
  27. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  28. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] http://palaeos.com/phylogeny/index.html
  29. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Subject: [Learn] maxillary fenestra and promaxillary fenestra
  30. 2016-10-10 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Subject: [Learn] Paleo meeting time
  31. 2016-10-10 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Subject: [Learn] Paleo meeting time
  32. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] promaxillary fenestra
  33. 2016-10-13 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Invitation: Phylogenetics project mtg -at- Thu 2016-10-13
  34. 2016-10-13 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Library access
  35. 2016-10-13 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: access to the screen
  36. 2016-10-13 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: access to the screen
  37. 2016-10-13 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] graphics
  38. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] a new generation discovers freedom
  39. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  40. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  41. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  42. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  43. 2016-10-15 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] 3d scanning in the field
  44. 2016-10-15 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Subject: [Learn] 3d scanning in the field
  45. 2016-10-16 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Jobs
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  47. 2016-10-20 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] tomorrows schedule and plan got the week
  48. 2016-10-21 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] tomorrows schedule and plan got the week
  49. 2016-10-21 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] publication
  50. 2016-10-21 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] thesis resources
  51. 2016-10-25 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  52. 2016-10-27 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  53. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  54. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  55. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  56. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  57. 2016-10-30 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Orders for the Thesis,
  58. 2016-10-31 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] cuda kernels
  59. 2016-10-31 Ruben Safir <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Re: [Learn] cuda kernels
  60. 2016-10-31 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] cudaMallac
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  63. 2016-10-31 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] cuda kernels
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