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DATE 2016-10-01

LEARN

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MESSAGE
DATE 2016-10-25
FROM Ruben Safir
SUBJECT Subject: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
From learn-bounces-at-nylxs.com Tue Oct 25 21:25:43 2016
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http://telliott99.blogspot.com/2010/03/fitch-and-sankoff-algorithms-for.html

"The Fitch algorithm considers the sites (or characters) one at a time. At each tip in the tree, we create a set containing those nucleotides (states) that are observed or are compatible with the observation. Thus, if we see an A, we create the set {A}. If we see an ambiguity such as R, we create the set {AG}. Now we move down the tree [away from the tips]. In algorithmic terms, we do a postorder tree traversal. At each interior node we create a set that is the intersection of sets at the two descendant nodes. However, if that set is empty, we instead create the set that is the union of the two sets at the descendant nodes. Every time we create such a union, we also count one change of state."


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-parametric
Nonparametric statistics are statistics not based on parameterized families of probability distributions. They include both descriptive and inferential statistics. The typical parameters are the mean, variance, etc. Unlike parametric statistics, nonparametric statistics make no assumptions about the probability distributions of the variables being assessed. The difference between parametric models and non-parametric models is that the former has a fixed number of parameters, while the latter grows the number of parameters with the amount of training data.[1] Note that the non-parametric model does, counterintuitively, contain parameters: the distinction is that parameters are determined by the training data in the case of non-parametric statistics, not the model.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitch-Margoliash_algorithm
Distance-matrix methods

Distance-matrix methods of phylogenetic analysis explicitly rely on a measure of "genetic distance" between the sequences being classified, and therefore they require an MSA (multiple sequence alignment) as an input. Distance is often defined as the fraction of mismatches at aligned positions, with gaps either ignored or counted as mismatches.[1] Distance methods attempt to construct an all-to-all matrix from the sequence query set describing the distance between each sequence pair. From this is constructed a phylogenetic tree that places closely related sequences under the same interior node and whose branch lengths closely reproduce the observed distances between sequences. Distance-matrix methods may produce either rooted or unrooted trees, depending on the algorithm used to calculate them. They are frequently used as the basis for progressive and iterative types of multiple sequence alignment. The main disadvantage of distance-matrix methods is their inability to efficiently use information about local high-variation regions that appear across multiple subtrees.[2]


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  1. 2016-10-04 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Check List of Texts to learn Cladistics and
  2. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Library access
  3. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Library access
  4. 2016-10-04 Christopher League <christopher.league-at-liu.edu> Re: [Learn] phylogenetics
  5. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] 3rd scans and displays for msueums
  6. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] =?utf-8?q?Residual_diversity_estimates=E2=80=99_do_not_co?=
  7. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] another paper on this topic to dig through
  8. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Subject: [Learn] Basic Phylogeny and Systematics
  9. 2016-10-04 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Library access
  10. 2016-10-05 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] 3rd scans and displays for msueums
  11. 2016-10-05 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: Check List of Texts to learn Cladistics and
  12. 2016-10-06 From: "Ruben.Safir" <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Subject: [Learn] TNT - Boom
  13. 2016-10-06 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] tomorrow
  14. 2016-10-09 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  15. 2016-10-09 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  16. 2016-10-09 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  17. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Paleo meeting time
  18. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  19. 2016-10-10 Steve Brusatte <brusatte-at-gmail.com> Re: [Learn] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  20. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  21. 2016-10-10 From: =?UTF-8?B?RGF2aWQgxIxlcm7DvQ==?= <david.cerny1-at-gmail.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  22. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  23. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  24. 2016-10-10 Dalton Meyer <paleonerd12-at-gmail.com> Re: [Learn] [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  25. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] AI research
  26. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] CTScan in paelo
  27. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Re: [dinosaur] phylogeny tyrannosauroid dinosaurs
  28. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] http://palaeos.com/phylogeny/index.html
  29. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Subject: [Learn] maxillary fenestra and promaxillary fenestra
  30. 2016-10-10 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Subject: [Learn] Paleo meeting time
  31. 2016-10-10 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Subject: [Learn] Paleo meeting time
  32. 2016-10-10 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] promaxillary fenestra
  33. 2016-10-13 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Invitation: Phylogenetics project mtg -at- Thu 2016-10-13
  34. 2016-10-13 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Library access
  35. 2016-10-13 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: access to the screen
  36. 2016-10-13 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: access to the screen
  37. 2016-10-13 ruben safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] graphics
  38. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] a new generation discovers freedom
  39. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  40. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  41. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  42. 2016-10-14 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Fwd: Check out this picture...
  43. 2016-10-15 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] 3d scanning in the field
  44. 2016-10-15 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Subject: [Learn] 3d scanning in the field
  45. 2016-10-16 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Jobs
  46. 2016-10-19 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] tomorrows schedule and plan got the week
  47. 2016-10-20 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] tomorrows schedule and plan got the week
  48. 2016-10-21 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] tomorrows schedule and plan got the week
  49. 2016-10-21 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] publication
  50. 2016-10-21 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] thesis resources
  51. 2016-10-25 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  52. 2016-10-27 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  53. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  54. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  55. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  56. 2016-10-27 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] Phylogenetics educational links
  57. 2016-10-30 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] Orders for the Thesis,
  58. 2016-10-31 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] cuda kernels
  59. 2016-10-31 Ruben Safir <ruben.safir-at-my.liu.edu> Re: [Learn] cuda kernels
  60. 2016-10-31 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Re: [Learn] cudaMallac
  61. 2016-10-31 Ruben Safir <mrbrklyn-at-panix.com> Re: [Learn] cudaMallac
  62. 2016-10-31 Christopher League <league-at-contrapunctus.net> Subject: [Learn] Computational evolution
  63. 2016-10-31 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] cuda kernels
  64. 2016-10-31 Ruben Safir <ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com> Subject: [Learn] cudaMallac

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