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"The Mundane Origins of Germany's Huge Turkish Population" -- Pipes in
NRO, #1487
The Mundane Origins of Germany's Huge Turkish Population
by Daniel Pipes
Oct 30, 2016
Cross-posted from National Review Online
http://www.danielpipes.org/blog/2016/10/the-mundane-origins-of-germany-huge-turkish
In 1961, the German post-war "economic miracle" (Wirtschaftswunder)
was in full bloom, with a seemingly insatiable thirst for unskilled
workers. After signing government-to-government bilateral agreements
with Italy (in 1955), Greece (1960), and Spain (1960), Bonn turned to
Ankara and on this day, Oct. 30, in 1961 signed a "Recruitment
Agreement between the Federal Republic of Germany and Turkey"
(Anwerbeabkommen zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der
Türkei). Little did either side realize the implications of this
seemingly minor accord.
The German government set up a liaison office in Istanbul to urge
unmarried male candidates to apply, which they enthusiastically did in
large numbers. The agreement permitted Turks to go to work in Germany
for two years, then return home. But German industry lobbied for
longer residencies -- the constant training to replace workers every
two years took its toll -- so this limitation was lifted already in
1964. Still, no one expected the Turks to stay long and their jobs did
not require them to learn German, so the overwhelmingly male
population lived in its own dormitories, quite isolated from the
larger society. Of the 750,000 Turks who arrived under this program,
about half did return to Turkey, half did not.
The boom years ended with the oil crisis of 1973-74, which closed down
guest worker recruitment. Ironically, this change led to an increase
in the Turkish population as workers imported wives, moved to
apartments, families burgeoned, and today's heavily Turkish districts
throughout (former West) Germany came into being.
Fifty-five years later, with unskilled laborers hardly needed and the
cultural isolation proving a deep problem, the Turkish population
numbers an estimated 4-5 million, making up more than 5 percent of the
country's total population and by far the largest immigrant group. The
1961 agreement seems from another age entirely, yet its legacy lives
on and grows unceasingly. (October 30, 2016)
Related Topics: History, Muslims in Europe, Turkey and Turks
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[1]Daniel Pipes
[2]Homepage | [3]Articles | [4]Blog
The Mundane Origins of Germany's Huge Turkish Population
by Daniel Pipes
Oct 30, 2016
Cross-posted from [5]National Review Online
[6]http://www.danielpipes.org/blog/2016/10/the-mundane-origins-of-germa
ny-huge-turkish
Share: [7]Facebook [8]Twitter
Be the first of your friends to like this.
In 1961, the German post-war "economic miracle" (Wirtschaftswunder) was
in full bloom, with a seemingly insatiable thirst for unskilled
workers. After signing government-to-government bilateral agreements
with Italy (in 1955), Greece (1960), and Spain (1960), Bonn turned to
Ankara and on this day, Oct. 30, in 1961 signed a "Recruitment
Agreement between the Federal Republic of Germany and Turkey"
(Anwerbeabkommen zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der
T?rkei). Little did either side realize the implications of this
seemingly minor accord.
Turkish Labor Minister Ali Naili Erdem visited Turkish "guest workers"
(Gastarbeitern) in Germany in 1966.
The German government set up a liaison office in Istanbul to urge
unmarried male candidates to apply, which they enthusiastically did in
large numbers. The agreement permitted Turks to go to work in Germany
for two years, then return home. But German industry lobbied for longer
residencies - the constant training to replace workers every two years
took its toll - so this limitation was lifted already in 1964. Still,
no one expected the Turks to stay long and their jobs did not require
them to learn German, so the overwhelmingly male population lived in
its own dormitories, quite isolated from the larger society. Of the
750,000 Turks who arrived under this program, about half did return to
Turkey, half did not.
The boom years ended with the oil crisis of 1973-74, which closed down
guest worker recruitment. Ironically, this change led to an increase in
the Turkish population as workers imported wives, moved to apartments,
families burgeoned, and today's heavily Turkish districts throughout
(former West) Germany came into being.
A blend of the German and Turkish flags that symbolizes what has too
rarely occurred.
Fifty-five years later, with unskilled laborers hardly needed and the
cultural isolation proving a deep problem, the Turkish population
numbers an estimated 4-5 million, making up more than 5 percent of the
country's total population and by far the largest immigrant group. The
1961 agreement seems from another age entirely, yet its legacy lives on
and grows unceasingly. (October 30, 2016)
Related Topics: [9]History, [10]Muslims in Europe, [11]Turkey and
Turks
The above text may be reposted, forwarded, or translated so long as it
is presented as an integral whole with complete information about its
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You are subscribed to this list as ruben-at-mrbrklyn.com.
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[12]http://www.danielpipes.org/list_edit.php
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[14]http://www.danielpipes.org/list_subscribe.php
Sign up for related (but non-duplicating) e-mail services:
Middle East Forum (articles and event reports)
Campus Watch (articles, blog posts)
Islamist Watch (articles, blog posts)
Legal Project (articles, blog posts)
at [15]http://www.danielpipes.org/list_subscribe.php
[16]DanielPipes.org
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